--- title: Councils use taxes to fix roads but money is limited; at about £75 a… — Taxes and the government's budget · tree and pragmatics description: Councils use taxes to fix roads but money is limited; at about £75 a pothole, 100 potholes cost 100 × £75 = £7,500, so they must choose what comes first. Who acts: Councils, money, 100 potholes, potholes. A sentence of the lesson «Taxes and the government's budget» of the money course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/) / [Taxes and the government's budget](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/) / 12 # Taxes and the government's budget, sentence 12 Councils use taxes to fix roads but money is limited; at about £75 a pothole, 100 potholes cost 100 × £75 = £7,500, so they must choose what comes first. **Who acts:** Councils, money, 100 potholes, potholes · **What happens:** use, fix, be, cost, choose, come · **To what, where:** taxes, roads, 100 This is a sentence of the lesson «Taxes and the government's budget» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Councils, money, 100 potholes, potholes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:money:036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson:12 # text = Councils use taxes to fix roads but money is limited; at about £75 a pothole, 100 potholes cost 100 × £75 = £7,500, so they must choose what comes first. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = money # lesson = 036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Councils council NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 taxes tax NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 fix fix VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 6 roads road NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 7 but but CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 8 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 10 limited limited ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 conj _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 about about ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 £ £ SYM $ _ 17 compound _ _ 15 75 75 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 pothole pothole NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 nummod _ _ 20 potholes pothole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 21 cost cost VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 22 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 obj _ _ 23 × × SYM SYM _ 22 flat _ _ 24 £ £ SYM $ _ 22 flat _ _ 25 75 75 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 24 nummod _ _ 26 = = SYM SYM _ 27 case _ _ 27 £ £ SYM $ _ 24 nmod _ _ 28 7,500 7,500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 so so ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 31 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 32 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 33 choose choose VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 parataxis _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:advcl 34 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 35 nsubj _ _ 35 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 ccomp _ _ 36 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 35 advmod _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | Councils | taxes | | | | a £ pothole *obl* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Patient | | 2 | **fix** | to-infinitive | Councils *not said here* | roads | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent road=Patient | | 3 | **is** | present | money | | | | | limited *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **cost** | present | 100 potholes | 100 | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme 100=Value | | 5 | **choose** | must | potholes *= pothole* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **come** | present | | | | | | first *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Taxes and the government's budget, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/11/) - next →: [Taxes and the government's budget, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/)