--- title: Paying tax is a legal duty; tax evasion, illegally not paying, can m… — Taxes and the government's budget · tree and pragmatics description: Paying tax is a legal duty; tax evasion, illegally not paying, can mean fines or prison; if 1 in 10 people didn't pay, about 1 in every 10 pounds of tax would be missing. Who acts: Paying, tax evasion, 1 10 people, 1. A sentence of the lesson «Taxes and the government's budget» of the money course o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/) / [Taxes and the government's budget](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/) / 15 # Taxes and the government's budget, sentence 15 Paying tax is a legal duty; tax evasion, illegally not paying, can mean fines or prison; if 1 in 10 people didn't pay, about 1 in every 10 pounds of tax would be missing. **Who acts:** Paying, tax evasion, 1 10 people, 1 · **What happens:** pay, be, not pay, mean · **To what, where:** tax, legal duty, fines This is a sentence of the lesson «Taxes and the government's budget» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Paying, tax evasion, 1 10 people, 1), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:money:036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson:15 # text = Paying tax is a legal duty; tax evasion, illegally not paying, can mean fines or prison; if 1 in 10 people didn't pay, about 1 in every 10 pounds of tax would be missing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = money # lesson = 036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Paying pay VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 csubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:nsubj 2 tax tax NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nsubj 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 legal legal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 duty duty NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 parataxis _ _ 7 ; ; PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 tax tax NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ _ 9 evasion evasion NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 illegally illegally ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 12 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 13 advmod _ _ 13 paying pay VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 acl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 mean mean VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 17 fines fine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 18 or or CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 prison prison NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 21 if if SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 22 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 25 nummod _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 25 nummod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:nmod 25 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 26 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 27 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 28 advmod _ _ 28 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 advcl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=31:punct 30 about about ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 40 nsubj _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 33 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 35 det _ _ 34 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 35 nummod _ _ 35 pounds pound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 tax tax NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 38 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 39 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 40 cop _ _ 40 missing missing ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=40:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pay** | gerund | | tax | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Asset | | 2 | **is a** | present | Paying | a legal duty | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **not** **pay** | gerund | tax evasion *not said here* | | | | | illegally *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **mean** | can | tax evasion | fines or prison | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fine=Topic | | 5 | **not** **pay** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · do-support | 1 10 people | | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **is** | would | 1 in every 10 pounds of tax | | | | | missing *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Taxes and the government's budget, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/14/) - next →: [Taxes and the government's budget, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/)