--- title: Each year the government plans its spending in a budget, and in the… — Taxes and the government's budget · tree and pragmatics description: Each year the government plans its spending in a budget, and in the UK the minister in charge holds up a famous red box on budget day; if it spends more than it collects, it borrows, and its debt grows. Who acts: government, minister, debt. A sentence of the lesson «Taxes and the government's budget --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/) / [Taxes and the government's budget](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/) / 3 # Taxes and the government's budget, sentence 3 Each year the government plans its spending in a budget, and in the UK the minister in charge holds up a famous red box on budget day; if it spends more than it collects, it borrows, and its debt grows. **Who acts:** government, minister, debt · **What happens:** plan, hold up, spend, collect, borrow, grow · **To what, where:** spending, budget, famous red box, UK, more This is a sentence of the lesson «Taxes and the government's budget» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (government, minister, debt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:money:036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson:3 # text = Each year the government plans its spending in a budget, and in the UK the minister in charge holds up a famous red box on budget day; if it spends more than it collects, it borrows, and its debt grows. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = money # lesson = 036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Each each DET DT PronType=Tot 2 det _ _ 2 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl:unmarked _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:det 4 government government NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 plans plan VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 6 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 spending spending NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 budget budget NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 UK UK PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:obl 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 minister minister NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 charge charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 21 up up ADP RP _ 20 compound:prt _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 23 famous famous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 24 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 box box NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 26 on on ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 budget budget NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:nmod 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 30 if if SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 31 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 32 spends spend VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 33 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 32 obj _ _ 34 than than SCONJ IN _ 36 mark _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 collects collect VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 advcl _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 38 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 39 borrows borrow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 conj _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 42 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 debt debt NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ _ 44 grows grow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:conj 45 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **plan** | present | the government | government's spending | | a budget | year | | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spending=Topic | | 2 | **hold up** | present | the minister in charge | a famous red box | | the UK | day | | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot box=Theme | | 3 | **spend** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | minister | more | | | | | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Asset | | 4 | **collect** | present | minister | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **borrow** | present | minister | | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **grow** | present | government's debt | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **spend** | | government | | | a budget | | | nom spending «act transitive»: poss=agent in=place | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:036-taxes-and-the-governments-budget.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Taxes and the government's budget, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/2/) - next →: [Taxes and the government's budget, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/36-taxes-and-the-governments-budget/)