--- title: A tariff is a tax on things brought in from abroad: a 10% tariff mea… — Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries · tree and pragmatics description: A tariff is a tax on things brought in from abroad: a 10% tariff means £1 on every £10, so a £10 toy costs £11 to bring in; some say tariffs protect jobs at home, others say they just make things dearer for shoppers. Who acts: tariff, % tariff, £ 10 toy, some. A sentence of the lesson «Trade, tariff --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/37-trade-tariffs-rich-and-poor-countries/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/) / [Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/37-trade-tariffs-rich-and-poor-countries/) / 3 # Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries, sentence 3 A tariff is a tax on things brought in from abroad: a 10% tariff means £1 on every £10, so a £10 toy costs £11 to bring in; some say tariffs protect jobs at home, others say they just make things dearer for shoppers. **Who acts:** tariff, % tariff, £ 10 toy, some, tariffs, others · **What happens:** be, bring in, mean, cost, say, protect · **To what, where:** tax, things, jobs, home · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tariff, % tariff, £ 10 toy, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:money:037-trade-tariffs-rich-and-poor-countries.lesson:3 # text = A tariff is a tax on things brought in from abroad: a 10% tariff means £1 on every £10, so a £10 toy costs £11 to bring in; some say tariffs protect jobs at home, others say they just make things dearer for shoppers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = money # lesson = 037-trade-tariffs-rich-and-poor-countries.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 tariff tariff NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 tax tax NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 on on ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 8 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ _ 9 in in ADP RP _ 8 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 10 from from ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 abroad abroad ADV RB _ 8 obl _ _ 12 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 14 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 nummod _ _ 15 % % SYM NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 tariff tariff NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 18 £ £ SYM $ _ 17 obj _ _ 19 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 18 nummod _ _ 20 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 22 det _ _ 22 £ £ SYM $ _ 17 obl _ _ 23 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 22 nummod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 25 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 27 £ £ SYM $ _ 29 compound _ _ 28 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 nummod _ _ 29 toy toy NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ _ 30 costs cost VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 31 £ £ SYM $ _ 30 obj _ _ 32 11 11 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 31 nummod _ _ 33 to to PART TO _ 34 mark _ _ 34 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 advcl _ _ 35 in in ADP RP _ 34 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=34:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 37 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 38 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=38:nsubj|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Ind 38 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 39 tariffs tariff NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 nsubj _ _ 40 protect protect VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 ccomp _ _ 41 jobs job NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obj _ _ 42 at at ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 home home NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 45 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=46:nsubj|HaikuPos=PRON:NNS:Number=Plur|PronType=Ind 46 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 parataxis _ _ 47 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 48 just just ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 49 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 ccomp _ _ 50 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 obj _ _ 51 dearer dear ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 49 xcomp _ _ 52 for for ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 shoppers shopper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 obl _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a tariff | a tax | | things | | | tree rules | | 2 | **bring in** | participle | | things *not said here* | | | | | vn earn-54.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **mean** | present | a % tariff | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent £=Topic | | 4 | **cost** | present | a £ 10 toy | | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme £=Value | | 5 | **bring in** | to-infinitive | a £ 10 toy *not said here* | | | | | | vn earn-54.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some | a tax *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **protect** | present | tariffs | jobs | | home | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Beneficiary | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | others | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 9 | **make** | present | others *= other* | things | | | | dear *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:037-trade-tariffs-rich-and-poor-countries.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/37-trade-tariffs-rich-and-poor-countries/2/) - next →: [Trade, tariffs, rich and poor countries, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/37-trade-tariffs-rich-and-poor-countries/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/37-trade-tariffs-rich-and-poor-countries/)