--- title: To lend is to let someone use your money for a while; an IOU, short… — Lending, sharing, charity and tipping · tree and pragmatics description: To lend is to let someone use your money for a while; an IOU, short for "I owe you", is a note saying someone owes money. Who acts: note, IOU, someone. A sentence of the lesson «Lending, sharing, charity and tipping» of the money course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/39-lending-sharing-charity-and-tipping/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/) / [Lending, sharing, charity and tipping](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/39-lending-sharing-charity-and-tipping/) / 5 # Lending, sharing, charity and tipping, sentence 5 To lend is to let someone use your money for a while; an IOU, short for "I owe you", is a note saying someone owes money. **Who acts:** note, IOU, someone · **What happens:** lend, be, use, owe, say · **To what, where:** money, you, note · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Lending, sharing, charity and tipping» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (note, IOU, someone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:money:039-lending-sharing-charity-and-tipping.lesson:5 # text = To lend is to let someone use your money for a while; an IOU, short for "I owe you", is a note saying someone owes money. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = money # lesson = 039-lending-sharing-charity-and-tipping.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 To to PART TO _ 2 mark _ _ 2 lend lend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 csubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 5 obj _ _ 7 use use VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 8 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 for for ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 while while NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 14 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 IOU iou NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 18 for for SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 19 " " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ _ 20 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 owe owe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ _ 22 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 " " PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=17:punct 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 note note NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ _ 28 saying say VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 27 acl _ _ 29 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 30 nsubj _ _ 30 owes owe VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 ccomp _ _ 31 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 27 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lend** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | | | let *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **use** | infinitive | | your money | | | while | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Patient | | 4 | **owe** *in a quote* | present | a note *= note* | you | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent you=Theme | | 5 | **is a** | present | a IOU | a note | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | a note *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **owe** | present | someone | money | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent money=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:039-lending-sharing-charity-and-tipping.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Lending, sharing, charity and tipping, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/39-lending-sharing-charity-and-tipping/4/) - next →: [Lending, sharing, charity and tipping, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/39-lending-sharing-charity-and-tipping/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/39-lending-sharing-charity-and-tipping/)