---
title: Some penguin pairs meet again year after year, but many penguins cha… — Birds and baby animals · tree and pragmatics
description: Some penguin pairs meet again year after year, but many penguins change partners between seasons; it depends on the species. Who acts: penguin pairs, many penguins, it. A sentence of the lesson «Birds and baby animals» of the myths course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Birds and baby animals, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some penguin pairs meet again year after year, but many penguins change partners between seasons; it depends on the species.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** penguin pairs, many penguins, it · **What happens:** meet, change, depend · **To what, where:** partners

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds and baby animals» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (penguin pairs, many penguins, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:myths:010-birds-and-baby-animals.lesson:11
# text = Some penguin pairs meet again year after year, but many penguins change partners between seasons; it depends on the species.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = myths
# lesson = 010-birds-and-baby-animals.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	penguin	penguin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	pairs	pair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=4:punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	partners	partner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
15	between	between	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	seasons	season	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:nmod
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	depends	depend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meet** | present | some penguin pairs |  |  |  | again; year |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **change** | present | many penguins | partners |  |  | season |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent partner=Patient |
| 3 | **depend** | present | it |  |  |  |  | on the species | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on species=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:010-birds-and-baby-animals.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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