---
title: Bird myths are some of the most charming: hummingbirds hitching ride… — Birds and baby animals · tree and pragmatics
description: Bird myths are some of the most charming: hummingbirds hitching rides on geese, mother birds shoving their babies out to teach them to fly, wedding rice making birds explode, a duck's quack that mysteriously never echoes. Who acts: hummingbirds, mother birds, wedding rice, birds. A sentence of the l
---

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# Birds and baby animals, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bird myths are some of the most charming: hummingbirds hitching rides on geese, mother birds shoving their babies out to teach them to fly, wedding rice making birds explode, a duck's quack that mysteriously never echoes.

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**Who acts:** hummingbirds, mother birds, wedding rice, birds, quack · **What happens:** hitch, shove out, teach, fly, make, explode · **To what, where:** rides, babies, birds

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds and baby animals» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hummingbirds, mother birds, wedding rice, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:myths:010-birds-and-baby-animals.lesson:2
# text = Bird myths are some of the most charming: hummingbirds hitching rides on geese, mother birds shoving their babies out to teach them to fly, wedding rice making birds explode, a duck's quack that mysteriously never echoes.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = myths
# lesson = 010-birds-and-baby-animals.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	myths	myth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	8	advmod	_	_
8	charming	charm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Sup	4	nmod	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	hummingbirds	hummingbird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	hitching	hitch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	parataxis	_	_
12	rides	ride	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	geese	geese	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=11:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
18	shoving	shove	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	out	out	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	teach	teach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:iobj
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	xcomp	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
28	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	advcl	_	_
31	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
32	explode	explode	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	xcomp	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	duck	duck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod:poss	_	_
36	's	's	PART	POS	_	35	case	_	_
37	quack	quack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
38	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	41	nsubj	_	_
39	mysteriously	mysteriously	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
40	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	41	advmod	_	_
41	echoes	echo	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	acl:relcl	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hitch** | gerund | hummingbirds and mother birds | rides |  |  |  | on geese | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent ride=Patient on geese=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **shove out** | gerund | mother birds *not said here* | hummingbirds's babies |  |  |  | out *property* | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Theme |
| 3 | **teach** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | mother birds *not said here* |  | babies *= baby* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **fly** | to-infinitive | mother birds *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **make** | gerund | wedding rice | birds |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **explode** | present | birds *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **not** **echo** | present | a duck's quack |  |  |  |  | mysteriously *property* | vn sound\_existence-47.4 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:010-birds-and-baby-animals.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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