--- title: Some sharks, like great whites, must keep swimming to breathe; other… — Animals in the sea and the river · tree and pragmatics description: Some sharks, like great whites, must keep swimming to breathe; others, like nurse sharks, can rest on the seabed and pump water over their gills. Who acts: sharks, others. A sentence of the lesson «Animals in the sea and the river» of the myths course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/11-animals-in-the-sea-and-the-river/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Myths](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/) / [Animals in the sea and the river](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/11-animals-in-the-sea-and-the-river/) / 8 # Animals in the sea and the river, sentence 8 Some sharks, like great whites, must keep swimming to breathe; others, like nurse sharks, can rest on the seabed and pump water over their gills. **Who acts:** sharks, others · **What happens:** keep, swim, breathe, rest, pump · **To what, where:** seabed, water, gills This is a sentence of the lesson «Animals in the sea and the river» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sharks, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:myths:011-animals-in-the-sea-and-the-river.lesson:8 # text = Some sharks, like great whites, must keep swimming to breathe; others, like nurse sharks, can rest on the seabed and pump water over their gills. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = myths # lesson = 011-animals-in-the-sea-and-the-river.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 sharks shark NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 4 like like ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 whites white NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 7 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 8 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 10 swimming swim VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 9 xcomp _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 breathe breathe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 nurse nurse NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 sharks shark NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 rest rest VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ _ 22 on on ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 seabed seabed NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=21:cc 26 pump pump VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 conj _ _ 27 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:conj 28 over over ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 gills gill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | must | some sharks like great whites | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **swim** | gerund | some sharks like great whites *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **breathe** | to-infinitive | some sharks like great whites *not said here* | | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **rest** | can | others like nurse sharks | | | the seabed | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on seabed=Location | | 5 | **pump** | infinitive | others like nurse sharks *not said here* | water | | others's gills | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme over gill=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:011-animals-in-the-sea-and-the-river.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Animals in the sea and the river, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/11-animals-in-the-sea-and-the-river/6/) - next →: [Animals in the sea and the river, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/11-animals-in-the-sea-and-the-river/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/11-animals-in-the-sea-and-the-river/)