--- title: The sharpest argument is often a question: if summer came from being… — Earth from space · tree and pragmatics description: The sharpest argument is often a question: if summer came from being close to the Sun, why is it summer in Australia at Christmas? Who acts: sharpest argument, summer, Sun. A sentence of the lesson «Earth from space» of the myths course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/13-earth-from-space/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Myths](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/) / [Earth from space](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/13-earth-from-space/) / 5 # Earth from space, sentence 5 The sharpest argument is often a question: if summer came from being close to the Sun, why is it summer in Australia at Christmas? **Who acts:** sharpest argument, summer, Sun · **What happens:** be, come · **To what, where:** question, summer, Australia This is a sentence of the lesson «Earth from space» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sharpest argument, summer, Sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:myths:013-earth-from-space.lesson:5 # text = The sharpest argument is often a question: if summer came from being close to the Sun, why is it summer in Australia at Christmas? # source = school lesson (ours) # course = myths # lesson = 013-earth-from-space.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 sharpest sharp ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 3 amod _ _ 3 argument argument NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 5 often often ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 question question NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 9 if if SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 10 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 11 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 acl _ _ 12 from from SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 13 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 cop _ _ 14 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:xcomp 15 to to ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 20 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Australia Australia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 25 at at ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 Christmas Christmas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:nmod 27 ? ? PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: changed indirect=1 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the sharpest argument | a question | | | | often *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **come** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | summer | a question *not said here* | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location question=Theme | | 3 | **is** | gerund | summer *not said here* | | | | | to the Sun; close *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **is a** | present | Sun | summer | | Australia | | at Christmas | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:013-earth-from-space.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Earth from space, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/13-earth-from-space/4/) - next →: [Earth from space, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/13-earth-from-space/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/13-earth-from-space/)