---
title: Each sensible guess can be checked: shooting stars are space pebbles… — The Moon, the planets and the stars · tree and pragmatics
description: Each sensible guess can be checked: shooting stars are space pebbles burning in our air, Sirius outshines Polaris, and Venus is hotter than Mercury because its thick air traps the heat. Who acts: shooting stars, space pebbles, Sirius, Venus. A sentence of the lesson «The Moon, the planets and the st
---

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# The Moon, the planets and the stars, sentence 5

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Each sensible guess can be checked: shooting stars are space pebbles burning in our air, Sirius outshines Polaris, and Venus is hotter than Mercury because its thick air traps the heat.

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**Who acts:** shooting stars, space pebbles, Sirius, Venus, thick air · **What happens:** check, be, burn, outshine, trap · **To what, where:** sensible guess, space pebbles, air, Polaris, heat

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The Moon, the planets and the stars» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shooting stars, space pebbles, Sirius, Venus), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:myths:014-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars.lesson:5
# text = Each sensible guess can be checked: shooting stars are space pebbles burning in our air, Sirius outshines Polaris, and Venus is hotter than Mercury because its thick air traps the heat.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = myths
# lesson = 014-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	sensible	sensible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	guess	guess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	checked	check	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
8	shooting	shoot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	parataxis	_	_
13	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=12:punct
18	Sirius	Sirius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	outshines	outshine	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
20	Polaris	Polaris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	Venus	Venus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	hotter	hot	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	conj	_	_
26	than	than	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
28	because	because	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=ADP	32	mark	_	_
29	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
30	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
32	traps	trap	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	advcl	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | can · passive |  | each sensible guess |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | shooting stars | space pebbles |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **burn** | gerund | space pebbles *not said here* |  |  | our air |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
| 4 | **outshine** | present | Sirius | Polaris |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot polaris=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | present | Venus |  |  |  |  | than Mercury; hot *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **trap** | present | guess's thick air | the heat |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:014-the-moon-the-planets-and-the-stars.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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