--- title: Columbus's critics argued that the Earth was much bigger than he cla… — Explorers, scientists and inventors · tree and pragmatics description: Columbus's critics argued that the Earth was much bigger than he claimed, and they were right; he was sailing west to reach Asia, which was far too far for his ships' food and water, and he only survived because the Americas lay in the way. Who acts: critics, Earth, Columbus, Asia. A sentence of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/20-explorers-scientists-and-inventors/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Myths](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/) / [Explorers, scientists and inventors](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/20-explorers-scientists-and-inventors/) / 8 # Explorers, scientists and inventors, sentence 8 Columbus's critics argued that the Earth was much bigger than he claimed, and they were right; he was sailing west to reach Asia, which was far too far for his ships' food and water, and he only survived because the Americas lay in the way. **Who acts:** critics, Earth, Columbus, Asia, Americas · **What happens:** argue, be, claim, sail, reach, survive · **To what, where:** Asia, way · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers, scientists and inventors» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (critics, Earth, Columbus, Asia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:myths:020-explorers-scientists-and-inventors.lesson:8 # text = Columbus's critics argued that the Earth was much bigger than he claimed, and they were right; he was sailing west to reach Asia, which was far too far for his ships' food and water, and he only survived because the Americas lay in the way. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = myths # lesson = 020-explorers-scientists-and-inventors.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Columbus Columbus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 critics critic NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 argued argue VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 that that SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 9 much much ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 ccomp _ _ 11 than than SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 12 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 13 claimed claim VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 advcl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 17 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 18 right right ADJ JJ _ 4 conj _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 sailing sail VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 parataxis _ _ 23 west west ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 reach reach VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 advcl _ _ 26 Asia Asia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 28 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 32 nsubj _ _ 29 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 30 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 32 advmod _ _ 31 too too ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 32 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 26 acl:relcl _ _ 33 for for ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 34 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 ships ship NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nmod:poss _ _ 36 ' 's PART POS _ 35 case _ _ 37 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 conj _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 42 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 43 only only ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 44 survived survive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 45 because because SCONJ IN _ 48 mark _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 Americas Americas PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 48 nsubj _ _ 48 lay lie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 advcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=44:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 in in ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 obl _ _ 52 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | past | Columbus's critics | | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | past | the Earth | | | | | big *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **claim** *speech: other* | past | Columbus | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | past | critics *= critic* | | | | | right *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **sail** | past · progressive | Columbus | | | | | west *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **reach** | to-infinitive | Columbus *not said here* | Asia | | | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent asia=Theme | | 7 | **is** | past | Asia | | | | | for Columbus's ships's food and water; far *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **survive** | past | Columbus | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **lie** | past | the Americas | | | the way | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:020-explorers-scientists-and-inventors.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Explorers, scientists and inventors, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/20-explorers-scientists-and-inventors/7/) - next →: [Explorers, scientists and inventors, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/20-explorers-scientists-and-inventors/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/20-explorers-scientists-and-inventors/)