--- title: In some Russian and Finnish villages before fridges, people are repo… — Ancient times and famous stories · tree and pragmatics description: In some Russian and Finnish villages before fridges, people are reported to have dropped a live frog into milk; scientists later found germ-fighting substances in the skin of one kind of frog, but nobody has shown it kept milk fresh, and it is not a safe idea. Who acts: scientists, nobody, kind. A s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/21-ancient-times-and-famous-stories/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Myths](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/) / [Ancient times and famous stories](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/21-ancient-times-and-famous-stories/) / 17 # Ancient times and famous stories, sentence 17 In some Russian and Finnish villages before fridges, people are reported to have dropped a live frog into milk; scientists later found germ-fighting substances in the skin of one kind of frog, but nobody has shown it kept milk fresh, and it is not a safe idea. **Who acts:** scientists, nobody, kind · **What happens:** report, drop, find, fight, show, keep · **To what, where:** people, Russian villages, live frog, milk, germ fighting substances, skin · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient times and famous stories» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, nobody, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:myths:021-ancient-times-and-famous-stories.lesson:17 # text = In some Russian and Finnish villages before fridges, people are reported to have dropped a live frog into milk; scientists later found germ-fighting substances in the skin of one kind of frog, but nobody has shown it kept milk fresh, and it is not a safe idea. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = myths # lesson = 021-ancient-times-and-famous-stories.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 2 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 6 det _ _ 3 Russian Russian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 Finnish finnish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 6 villages village NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 7 before before ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 fridges fridge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 reported report VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 14 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 15 aux _ _ 15 dropped drop VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 xcomp _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 live live ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 frog frog NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 19 into into ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:nmod 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 22 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 23 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 24 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:advmod 24 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:conj 25 germ germ NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 26 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 25 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=25:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 27 fighting fight VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 28 amod _ _ 28 substances substance NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 34 nummod _ _ 34 kind kind NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 frog frog NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 but but CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 41 nsubj _ _ 40 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 shown show VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=24:conj 42 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 43 kept keep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 ccomp _ _ 44 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 obj _ _ 45 fresh fresh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 xcomp _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 48 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=53:expl 49 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 53 cop _ _ 50 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 53 advmod _ _ 51 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 52 safe safe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 amod _ _ 53 idea idea NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 conj _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **report** | present · passive | | people | | some Russian villages before fridges | | | tree rules | | 2 | **drop** | to-infinitive · perfect | | a live frog | | milk | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent frog=Theme into milk=Destination | | 3 | **find** | past | scientists | germ fighting substances | | the skin of one kind of frog | | late *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent substance=Topic | | 4 | **fight** | gerund | | | | | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **show** | present · perfect | nobody | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **keep** | past | kind | milk | | | | fresh *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Theme | | 7 | **not** **is a** | present | kind | a safe idea | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:021-ancient-times-and-famous-stories.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient times and famous stories, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/21-ancient-times-and-famous-stories/16/) - next →: [Ancient times and famous stories, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/21-ancient-times-and-famous-stories/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/myths/21-ancient-times-and-famous-stories/)