---
title: Light travels nearly a million times faster than sound, which is why… — Siblings, cousins, grandparents — and the whole… · tree and pragmatics
description: Light travels nearly a million times faster than sound, which is why you see lightning before you hear thunder. Who acts: Light, you. A sentence of the lesson «Siblings, cousins, grandparents — and the whole playground» of the myths course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Siblings, cousins, grandparents — and the whole playground, sentence 9

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Light travels nearly a million times faster than sound, which is why you see lightning before you hear thunder.

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**Who acts:** Light, you · **What happens:** travel, be, see, hear · **To what, where:** lightning, thunder

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Siblings, cousins, grandparents — and the whole playground» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Light, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:myths:032-siblings-cousins-grandparents-and-the-whole-playground.lesson:9
# text = Light travels nearly a million times faster than sound, which is why you see lightning before you hear thunder.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = myths
# lesson = 032-siblings-cousins-grandparents-and-the-whole-playground.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	advmod	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	parataxis	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl:relcl	_	_
16	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	hear	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
20	thunder	thunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | Light |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **see** | present | you | lightning |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lightning=Stimulus |
| 4 | **hear** | present | you | thunder |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thunder=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:032-siblings-cousins-grandparents-and-the-whole-playground.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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