---
title: One true counter-example is enough to break a claim that says "never… — Olympiad: how could you check it? ★★★ · tree and pragmatics
description: One true counter-example is enough to break a claim that says "never", "always" or "only". Who acts: One true counter-example, claim. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: how could you check it? ★★★» of the myths course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Olympiad: how could you check it? ★★★, sentence 6

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One true counter-example is enough to break a claim that says "never", "always" or "only".

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**Who acts:** One true counter-example, claim · **What happens:** be, break, say · **To what, where:** claim · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: how could you check it? ★★★» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One true counter-example, claim), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:myths:037-olympiad-how-could-you-check-it.lesson:6
# text = One true counter-example is enough to break a claim that says "never", "always" or "only".
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = myths
# lesson = 037-olympiad-how-could-you-check-it.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×4
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
2	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	counter-example	counter-example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	claim	claim	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
13	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	obj	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_
17	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	13	conj	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	_
21	only	only	ADV	RB	_	13	conj	_	_
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | One true counter-example |  |  |  |  | enough *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **break** | to-infinitive | One true counter-example *not said here* | a claim |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer claim=Patient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a claim |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent never=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:myths:037-olympiad-how-could-you-check-it.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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