--- title: Without air, a heavy thing and a light thing fall at exactly the sam… — Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the E… · tree and pragmatics description: Without air, a heavy thing and a light thing fall at exactly the same speed: the heavy thing is pulled harder, but it is also harder to get moving, and the two cancel out. Who acts: heavy thing, air, two. A sentence of the lesson «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Why things fall: the apple and the pul…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/) / 14 # Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth, sentence 14 Without air, a heavy thing and a light thing fall at exactly the same speed: the heavy thing is pulled harder, but it is also harder to get moving, and the two cancel out. **Who acts:** heavy thing, air, two · **What happens:** fall, pull, be, get, move, cancel out · **To what, where:** same speed, heavy thing This is a sentence of the lesson «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heavy thing, air, two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:001-why-things-fall.lesson:14 # text = Without air, a heavy thing and a light thing fall at exactly the same speed: the heavy thing is pulled harder, but it is also harder to get moving, and the two cancel out. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 001-why-things-fall.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Without without ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:det 9 light light ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 10 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 11 fall fall VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 13 exactly exactly ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 speed speed NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj:pass _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux:pass _ _ 22 pulled pull VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:conj 23 harder hard ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 22 xcomp _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 25 but but CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 27 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 28 also also ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 harder hard ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 22 conj _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 advcl _ _ 32 moving move VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 31 xcomp _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 37 nsubj _ _ 37 cancel cancel VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 38 out out ADP RP _ 37 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fall** | present | a heavy thing and a light thing | | | the same speed | | without air | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at speed=Location | | 2 | **pull** | present · passive | | the heavy thing | | | | hard *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 3 | **is** | present | air | | | | | hard *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **get** | to-infinitive | air *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **move** | gerund | air *not said here* | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **cancel out** | present | the two | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:001-why-things-fall.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why things fall: the apple and the pul…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/13/) - next →: [Why things fall: the apple and the pul…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/)