---
title: Galileo worked this out nearly 400 years earlier, with careful think… — Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the E… · tree and pragmatics
description: Galileo worked this out nearly 400 years earlier, with careful thinking and experiments with balls rolling down slopes. Who acts: Galileo, balls. A sentence of the lesson «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree an
---

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# Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth, sentence 17

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Galileo worked this out nearly 400 years earlier, with careful thinking and experiments with balls rolling down slopes.

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**Who acts:** Galileo, balls · **What happens:** work out, roll down · **To what, where:** this, slopes

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Why things fall: the apple and the pull of the Earth» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Galileo, balls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:physics:001-why-things-fall.lesson:17
# text = Galileo worked this out nearly 400 years earlier, with careful thinking and experiments with balls rolling down slopes.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = physics
# lesson = 001-why-things-fall.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Galileo	Galileo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
2	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obj	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
5	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	400	400	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	earlier	early	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	2	advmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	thinking	thinking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	experiments	experiment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
17	rolling	roll	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	acl	_	_
18	down	down	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	slopes	slope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work out** | past | Galileo | this |  |  |  | with careful thinking and experiments with balls; early *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Topic |
| 2 | **roll down** | gerund | balls *not said here* | slopes |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slope=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:001-why-things-fall.lesson:17`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Why things fall: the apple and the pul…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/16/)
- next →: [Why things fall: the apple and the pul…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/18/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/1-why-things-fall/)