---
title: A grandfather clock counts the swings of its pendulum, and clockmake… — Swings and pendulums · tree and pragmatics
description: A grandfather clock counts the swings of its pendulum, and clockmakers move a little weight up or down to make it run faster or slower: moving it up makes the pendulum shorter, so the clock runs faster. Who acts: grandfather clock, clockmakers, swing, moving. A sentence of the lesson «Swings and pen
---

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# Swings and pendulums, sentence 10

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A grandfather clock counts the swings of its pendulum, and clockmakers move a little weight up or down to make it run faster or slower: moving it up makes the pendulum shorter, so the clock runs faster.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** grandfather clock, clockmakers, swing, moving, clock, pendulum · **What happens:** count, move, make, run, move up, swing · **To what, where:** swings, little weight, swing

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grandfather clock, clockmakers, swing, moving), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:physics:010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson:10
# text = A grandfather clock counts the swings of its pendulum, and clockmakers move a little weight up or down to make it run faster or slower: moving it up makes the pendulum shorter, so the clock runs faster.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = physics
# lesson = 010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	counts	count	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	swings	swing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	pendulum	pendulum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	clockmakers	clockmaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	up	up	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	down	down	ADV	RB	_	17	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	faster	fast	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	23	parataxis	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	slower	slow	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	24	conj	_	_
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
28	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	31	csubj	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	obj	_	_
30	up	up	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	_
31	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	pendulum	pendulum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	shorter	short	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	31	xcomp	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
36	so	so	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
39	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
40	faster	fast	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	39	xcomp	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | present | a grandfather clock | the swings of swing's pendulum |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swing=Theme |
| 2 | **move** | present | clockmakers | a little weight |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent weight=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | clockmakers *not said here* | swing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **run** | infinitive | swing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **move up** | gerund |  | swing |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 6 | **make** | present | moving |  |  |  |  | short *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 7 | **run** | present | the clock |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **swing** |  | swing's pendulum |  |  |  |  |  | nom swing «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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