---
title: On the way down a swing turns height into speed, and on the way up i… — Swings and pendulums · tree and pragmatics
description: On the way down a swing turns height into speed, and on the way up it turns speed back into height, while the air and creaky chains slowly steal a little each time. Who acts: swing, it, air. A sentence of the lesson «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its depen
---

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# Swings and pendulums, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the way down a swing turns height into speed, and on the way up it turns speed back into height, while the air and creaky chains slowly steal a little each time.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** swing, it, air · **What happens:** turn, steal · **To what, where:** height, way, speed

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (swing, it, air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:physics:010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson:2
# text = On the way down a swing turns height into speed, and on the way up it turns speed back into height, while the air and creaky chains slowly steal a little each time.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = physics
# lesson = 010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	swing	swing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
16	up	up	ADP	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	back	back	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
21	into	into	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	creaky	creaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	chains	chain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	_
30	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	steal	steal	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=18:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
34	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	35	det	_	_
35	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl:unmarked	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | a swing | height |  | the way |  | into speed | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent height=Theme on way=Source into speed=Trajectory |
| 2 | **turn** | present | it | speed |  | the way |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme speed=Result |
| 3 | **steal** | present | the air and creaky chains |  |  |  | time | slowly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Swings and pendulums, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/10-swings-and-pendulums/1/)
- next →: [Swings and pendulums, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/10-swings-and-pendulums/3/)
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