---
title: Galileo noticed this watching a swinging lamp in a cathedral, timing… — Swings and pendulums · tree and pragmatics
description: Galileo noticed this watching a swinging lamp in a cathedral, timing it with his pulse. Who acts: Galileo, this. A sentence of the lesson «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Swings and pendulums, sentence 7

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Galileo noticed this watching a swinging lamp in a cathedral, timing it with his pulse.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Galileo, this · **What happens:** notice, watch, swing, time, pulse · **To what, where:** this, swinging lamp, cathedral, lamp

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Swings and pendulums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Galileo, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:physics:010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson:7
# text = Galileo noticed this watching a swinging lamp in a cathedral, timing it with his pulse.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = physics
# lesson = 010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2
1	Galileo	Galileo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	noticed	notice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obj	_	_
4	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	swinging	swing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
7	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cathedral	cathedral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	timing	time	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	advcl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	pulse	pulse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notice** | past | Galileo | this |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **watch** | gerund | this *not said here* | a swinging lamp |  | a cathedral |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lamp=Theme |
| 3 | **swing** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **time** | gerund | this *not said here* | lamp |  |  |  | with Galileo's pulse | vn register-54.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 5 | **pulse** |  | Galileo |  |  |  |  |  | nom pulse «event transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:010-swings-and-pendulums.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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