--- title: A straw with a hole in its side stops working, because air leaks in… — The air presses on everything · tree and pragmatics description: A straw with a hole in its side stops working, because air leaks in and the pressure inside the straw cannot drop; and even a perfect pump cannot lift water more than about 10 metres up a pipe, because that is as far as the air can push it. Who acts: straw, air, pressure, perfect pump. A sentence of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/14-the-air-presses-on-everything/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [The air presses on everything](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/14-the-air-presses-on-everything/) / 8 # The air presses on everything, sentence 8 A straw with a hole in its side stops working, because air leaks in and the pressure inside the straw cannot drop; and even a perfect pump cannot lift water more than about 10 metres up a pipe, because that is as far as the air can push it. **Who acts:** straw, air, pressure, perfect pump, that · **What happens:** stop, work, leak in, not drop, not lift, be · **To what, where:** water This is a sentence of the lesson «The air presses on everything» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (straw, air, pressure, perfect pump), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:014-the-air-presses-on-everything.lesson:8 # text = A straw with a hole in its side stops working, because air leaks in and the pressure inside the straw cannot drop; and even a perfect pump cannot lift water more than about 10 metres up a pipe, because that is as far as the air can push it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 014-the-air-presses-on-everything.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 straw straw NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 3 with with ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 hole hole NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 9 stops stop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 working work VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 9 xcomp _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 because because SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 13 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 leaks leak VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 advcl _ _ 15 in in ADP RP _ 14 compound:prt _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 pressure pressure NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 19 inside inside ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 straw straw NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 22 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 23 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 24 advmod _ _ 24 drop drop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 27 even even ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 perfect perfect ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 pump pump NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 31 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 33 advmod _ _ 33 lift lift VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 conj _ _ 34 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=35:obj 35 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 33 advmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=33:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBR:Degree=Cmp 36 than than ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 37 about about ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 39 nummod _ _ 39 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obl _ _ 40 up up ADP RP _ 39 compound:prt _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 pipe pipe NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:obl 43 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 44 because because SCONJ IN _ 53 mark _ _ 45 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 53 nsubj _ _ 46 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 53 cop _ _ 47 as as ADV RB _ 48 advmod _ _ 48 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 53 advmod _ _ 49 as as SCONJ IN _ 53 mark _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 nsubj _ _ 52 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 53 aux _ _ 53 push push VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 conj _ _ 54 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 obj _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stop** | present | a straw with a hole in straw's side | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **work** | gerund | a straw with a hole in straw's side *not said here* | | | | | | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **leak in** | present | air | | | | | | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source | | 4 | **not** **drop** | can | the pressure inside the straw | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **not** **lift** | can | a perfect pump | water | | | | than 10 metres; a pipe *obl* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme | | 6 | **is** | can · present | that | | | | | far, push *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:014-the-air-presses-on-everything.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The air presses on everything, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/14-the-air-presses-on-everything/7/) - next →: [The air presses on everything, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/14-the-air-presses-on-everything/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/14-the-air-presses-on-everything/)