--- title: On a sunny afternoon at the beach the sand warms faster than the sea… — Wind and weather · tree and pragmatics description: On a sunny afternoon at the beach the sand warms faster than the sea, the warm air above it rises, and cooler air from the sea rushes in to take its place: that is the sea breeze on your face. Who acts: sand, warm air, cooler air, that. A sentence of the lesson «Wind and weather» of the physics cour --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/15-wind-and-weather/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Wind and weather](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/15-wind-and-weather/) / 1 # Wind and weather, sentence 1 On a sunny afternoon at the beach the sand warms faster than the sea, the warm air above it rises, and cooler air from the sea rushes in to take its place: that is the sea breeze on your face. **Who acts:** sand, warm air, cooler air, that · **What happens:** warm, rise, rush in, take, be · **To what, where:** place, sea breeze, face This is a sentence of the lesson «Wind and weather» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sand, warm air, cooler air, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:015-wind-and-weather.lesson:1 # text = On a sunny afternoon at the beach the sand warms faster than the sea, the warm air above it rises, and cooler air from the sea rushes in to take its place: that is the sea breeze on your face. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 015-wind-and-weather.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2 1 On on ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 sunny sunny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 afternoon afternoon NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:obl 5 at at ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 beach beach NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:det 9 sand sand NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 warms warm VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 parataxis _ _ 11 faster fast ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 7 advmod _ _ 12 than than ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:obl 15 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=4:punct 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 19 above above ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod _ _ 21 rises rise VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=25:punct 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 24 cooler cool ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 25 amod _ _ 25 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 26 from from ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 rushes rush VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 30 in in ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 advcl _ _ 33 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 : : PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 36 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 40 nsubj _ _ 37 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 compound _ _ 40 breeze breeze NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 parataxis _ _ 41 on on ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 21 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **warm** | present | the sand | | | | afternoon | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **rise** | present | the warm air above sand | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **rush in** | present | cooler air from the sea | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **take** | to-infinitive | cooler air from the sea *not said here* | air's place | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | | 5 | **is a** | present | that | the sea breeze | | your face | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:015-wind-and-weather.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Wind and weather, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/15-wind-and-weather/0/) - next →: [Wind and weather, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/15-wind-and-weather/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/15-wind-and-weather/)