--- title: A punctured tyre goes flat because the squashed air inside escapes t… — Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums · tree and pragmatics description: A punctured tyre goes flat because the squashed air inside escapes through the hole to the lower pressure outside. Who acts: punctured tyre, squashed air. A sentence of the lesson «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacu…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/) / 6 # Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums, sentence 6 A punctured tyre goes flat because the squashed air inside escapes through the hole to the lower pressure outside. **Who acts:** punctured tyre, squashed air · **What happens:** puncture, go, squash, escape · **To what, where:** hole This is a sentence of the lesson «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (punctured tyre, squashed air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:016-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums.lesson:6 # text = A punctured tyre goes flat because the squashed air inside escapes through the hole to the lower pressure outside. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 016-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 punctured puncture VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 amod _ _ 3 tyre tyre NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 goes go VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 flat flat ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 6 because because SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 squashed squash VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 amod _ _ 9 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 10 inside inside ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:advmod 11 escapes escape VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 12 through through ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 hole hole NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 to to ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 lower low ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 18 amod _ _ 18 pressure pressure NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:nmod 19 outside outside ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 20 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **puncture** | participle | | | | | | | vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **go** | present | a punctured tyre | | | | | flat *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **squash** | participle | | | | | | | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **escape** | present | the squashed air | | | the hole | | to the lower pressure | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme through hole=Initial\_Location to pressure=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:016-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacu…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/5/) - next →: [Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacu…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/16-pressure-tricks-pumps-tyres-vacuums/)