--- title: Sound travels many times faster in steel than in air, but railway li… — Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels · tree and pragmatics description: Sound travels many times faster in steel than in air, but railway lines are deadly, because trains come faster and more quietly than you expect, and you must never go on them. Who acts: Sound, railway lines, trains, you. A sentence of the lesson «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the ph --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Thunder, sirens and how fast sound tra…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/) / 10 # Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels, sentence 10 Sound travels many times faster in steel than in air, but railway lines are deadly, because trains come faster and more quietly than you expect, and you must never go on them. **Who acts:** Sound, railway lines, trains, you · **What happens:** travel, be, come, expect, not go · **To what, where:** steel This is a sentence of the lesson «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sound, railway lines, trains, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:018-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels.lesson:10 # text = Sound travels many times faster in steel than in air, but railway lines are deadly, because trains come faster and more quietly than you expect, and you must never go on them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 018-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 travels travel VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl:unmarked _ _ 5 faster fast ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 2 advmod _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 steel steel NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 8 than than ADP IN _ 10 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:case 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 but but CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 13 railway railway NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 lines line NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 15 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 16 deadly deadly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 because because SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 19 trains train NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 21 faster fast ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 20 advmod _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 23 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 24 advmod _ _ 24 quietly quietly ADV RB _ 21 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=33:advmod 25 than than SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 26 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 expect expect VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 advcl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 30 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 31 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 33 advmod _ _ 33 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj 34 on on ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **travel** | present | Sound | | | steel | | in air; fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in steel=Trajectory | | 2 | **is** | present | railway lines | | | | | deadly *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **come** | infinitive | trains | | | | | fast *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **expect** | present | you | | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **not** **go** | must | you | | | | | on trains *= train* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on they=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:018-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Thunder, sirens and how fast sound tra…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/9/) - next →: [Thunder, sirens and how fast sound tra…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/)