---
title: Light goes about 300,000 kilometres every second, and sunlight takes… — Light and shadows · tree and pragmatics
description: Light goes about 300,000 kilometres every second, and sunlight takes about eight minutes to reach the Earth. Who acts: Light, sunlight. A sentence of the lesson «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Light and shadows, sentence 10

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Light goes about 300,000 kilometres every second, and sunlight takes about eight minutes to reach the Earth.

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**Who acts:** Light, sunlight · **What happens:** go about, take, reach · **To what, where:** 300,000 kilometres, Earth

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Light and shadows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Light, sunlight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:physics:020-light-and-shadows.lesson:10
# text = Light goes about 300,000 kilometres every second, and sunlight takes about eight minutes to reach the Earth.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = physics
# lesson = 020-light-and-shadows.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	300,000	300,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	second	second	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	about	about	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go about** | present | Light | 300,000 kilometres |  |  | second |  | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take** | present | sunlight |  |  |  | minute |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **reach** | to-infinitive | sunlight *not said here* | the Earth |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent earth=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:020-light-and-shadows.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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