--- title: Warm air spreads out, becomes lighter for its size and rises, while… — Heat moves: hot to cold · tree and pragmatics description: Warm air spreads out, becomes lighter for its size and rises, while cool air sinks to take its place, so a radiator warms a whole room. Who acts: Warm air, cool air, radiator. A sentence of the lesson «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Heat moves: hot to cold](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/) / 12 # Heat moves: hot to cold, sentence 12 Warm air spreads out, becomes lighter for its size and rises, while cool air sinks to take its place, so a radiator warms a whole room. **Who acts:** Warm air, cool air, radiator · **What happens:** spread out, become, rise, sink, take, warm · **To what, where:** place, whole room This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Warm air, cool air, radiator), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:023-heat-moves-hot-to-cold.lesson:12 # text = Warm air spreads out, becomes lighter for its size and rises, while cool air sinks to take its place, so a radiator warms a whole room. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 023-heat-moves-hot-to-cold.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 spreads spread VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 out out ADP RP _ 3 compound:prt _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 becomes become VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 7 lighter light ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 6 xcomp _ _ 8 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 rises rise VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 while while SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 cool cool ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 sinks sink VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 advcl _ _ 20 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 so so ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 radiator radiator NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 warms warm VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 room room NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spread out** | present | Warm air | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **become** | present | Warm air *not said here* | | | | | light *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **rise** | present | Warm air *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **sink** | present | cool air | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **take** | to-infinitive | cool air *not said here* | steam's place | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | | 6 | **warm** | present | a radiator | a whole room | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent room=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:023-heat-moves-hot-to-cold.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Heat moves: hot to cold, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/11/) - next →: [Heat moves: hot to cold, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/)