--- title: Push the switch on a torch and you close a gap in the loop, so the b… — Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows · tree and pragmatics description: Push the switch on a torch and you close a gap in the loop, so the bulb lights; push it again and the gap opens, and the light goes out at once. Who acts: you, bulb, gap, light. A sentence of the lesson «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Batteries, circuits and how electricit…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/) / 1 # Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows, sentence 1 Push the switch on a torch and you close a gap in the loop, so the bulb lights; push it again and the gap opens, and the light goes out at once. **Who acts:** you, bulb, gap, light · **What happens:** push, close, light, open, go out · **To what, where:** switch, torch, gap, bulb This is a sentence of the lesson «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, bulb, gap, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:027-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows.lesson:1 # text = Push the switch on a torch and you close a gap in the loop, so the bulb lights; push it again and the gap opens, and the light goes out at once. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 027-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Push push VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 switch switch NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 on on ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 torch torch NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 close close VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 gap gap NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 loop loop NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 16 so so ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 bulb bulb NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 19 lights light VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 parataxis _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct 21 push push VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=1:conj 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 again again ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 gap gap NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 27 opens open VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 32 goes go VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 33 out out ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 34 at at ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 once once ADV RB _ 32 obl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **push** | imperative | you *not said here* | the switch | | a torch | | | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent switch=Theme on torch=Trajectory | | 2 | **close** | present | you | a gap | | | | in the loop | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent gap=Patient in loop=Topic | | 3 | **light** | present | the bulb | | | | | | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **push** | infinitive | | bulb | | | again | | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 5 | **open** | present | the gap | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **go out** | present | the light | | | | | | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:027-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Batteries, circuits and how electricit…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/0/) - next →: [Batteries, circuits and how electricit…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/)