--- title: A battery stores energy in chemicals and pushes electricity round th… — Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows · tree and pragmatics description: A battery stores energy in chemicals and pushes electricity round the circuit until the chemicals are used up; a charger can push the chemicals of a rechargeable battery back. Who acts: battery, charger. A sentence of the lesson «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Batteries, circuits and how electricit…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/) / 6 # Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows, sentence 6 A battery stores energy in chemicals and pushes electricity round the circuit until the chemicals are used up; a charger can push the chemicals of a rechargeable battery back. **Who acts:** battery, charger · **What happens:** store, push, use up · **To what, where:** energy, chemicals, electricity, circuit This is a sentence of the lesson «Batteries, circuits and how electricity flows» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (battery, charger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:027-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows.lesson:6 # text = A battery stores energy in chemicals and pushes electricity round the circuit until the chemicals are used up; a charger can push the chemicals of a rechargeable battery back. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 027-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 battery battery NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 stores store VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 pushes push VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 9 electricity electricity NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 10 round round ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 circuit circuit NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:nmod 13 until until SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj:pass _ _ 16 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux:pass _ _ 17 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:advcl 18 up up ADP RP _ 17 compound:prt _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 charger charger NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 22 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 push push VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 rechargeable rechargeable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 battery battery NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 30 back back ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **store** | present | a battery | energy | | chemicals | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent energy=Theme in chemical=Location | | 2 | **push** | present | a battery *not said here* | electricity | | the circuit | | | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent electricity=Theme round circuit=Trajectory | | 3 | **use up** | present · passive | | the chemicals | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **push** | can | a charger | the chemicals of a rechargeable battery | | | | | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chemical=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:027-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Batteries, circuits and how electricit…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/5/) - next →: [Batteries, circuits and how electricit…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/27-batteries-circuits-and-how-electricity-flows/)