--- title: A lacy snowflake drifts down slowly, but a hailstone is a solid ball… — Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely · tree and pragmatics description: A lacy snowflake drifts down slowly, but a hailstone is a solid ball of ice and pelts down; big hailstones can dent cars. Who acts: lacy snowflake, hailstone, big hailstones. A sentence of the lesson «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/) / 17 # Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely, sentence 17 A lacy snowflake drifts down slowly, but a hailstone is a solid ball of ice and pelts down; big hailstones can dent cars. **Who acts:** lacy snowflake, hailstone, big hailstones · **What happens:** drift down, be, pelt down, dent · **To what, where:** solid ball, cars This is a sentence of the lesson «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lacy snowflake, hailstone, big hailstones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson:17 # text = A lacy snowflake drifts down slowly, but a hailstone is a solid ball of ice and pelts down; big hailstones can dent cars. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 lacy lacy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 snowflake snowflake NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 drifts drift VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 down down ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:advmod 6 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=4:punct 8 but but CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 hailstone hailstone NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 solid solid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 pelts pelt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 19 down down ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 21 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 hailstones hailstone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 23 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 dent dent VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 25 cars car NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=24:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drift down** | present | a lacy snowflake | | | | | down, slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **is a** | present | a hailstone | a solid ball | | | | of ice | tree rules | | 3 | **pelt down** | present | a hailstone *not said here* | | | | | down *property* | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | | 4 | **dent** | can | big hailstones | cars | | | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/16/) - next →: [Pushes and pulls: what makes things mo…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/)