---
title: Without a parachute a skydiver falls at about 200 kilometres an hour… — Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely · tree and pragmatics
description: Without a parachute a skydiver falls at about 200 kilometres an hour; with it open, the landing is about as hard as jumping off a low wall. Who acts: skydiver, landing. A sentence of the lesson «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its depende
---

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# Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely, sentence 6

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Without a parachute a skydiver falls at about 200 kilometres an hour; with it open, the landing is about as hard as jumping off a low wall.

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**Who acts:** skydiver, landing · **What happens:** fall, be, jump off · **To what, where:** 200 kilometres, low wall

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (skydiver, landing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:physics:003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson:6
# text = Without a parachute a skydiver falls at about 200 kilometres an hour; with it open, the landing is about as hard as jumping off a low wall.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = physics
# lesson = 003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2
1	Without	without	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	parachute	parachute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	skydiver	skydiver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	about	about	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:obl:unmarked
12	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	landing	landing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	about	about	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	as	as	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj
24	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
25	jumping	jump	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	23	advcl	_	_
26	off	off	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | a skydiver |  |  | 200 kilometres | hour | without a parachute | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at kilometre=Location |
| 2 | **is** | present | the landing |  |  |  |  | about, hard *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **jump off** | gerund | the landing *not said here* | a low wall |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wall=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:003-parachutes-and-falling-safely.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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