--- title: Before braking even starts, a driver needs a moment to see, think an… — Speed: fast and slow · tree and pragmatics description: Before braking even starts, a driver needs a moment to see, think and press the pedal, and the car carries on at full speed meanwhile; a phone makes that moment longer. Who acts: driver, car, phone. A sentence of the lesson «Speed: fast and slow» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/36-speed-fast-and-slow/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Speed: fast and slow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/36-speed-fast-and-slow/) / 14 # Speed: fast and slow, sentence 14 Before braking even starts, a driver needs a moment to see, think and press the pedal, and the car carries on at full speed meanwhile; a phone makes that moment longer. **Who acts:** driver, car, phone · **What happens:** brake, start, need, see, think, press · **To what, where:** pedal, full speed This is a sentence of the lesson «Speed: fast and slow» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (driver, car, phone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:036-speed-fast-and-slow.lesson:14 # text = Before braking even starts, a driver needs a moment to see, think and press the pedal, and the car carries on at full speed meanwhile; a phone makes that moment longer. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 036-speed-fast-and-slow.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1 1 Before before SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 2 braking brake VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 nsubj _ _ 3 even even ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 advcl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 driver driver NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 moment moment NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 xcomp _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 think think VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 press press VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 pedal pedal NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 23 carries carry VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 24 on on ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 25 at at ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 speed speed NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 28 meanwhile meanwhile ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 phone phone NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 32 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=23:conj 33 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 det _ _ 34 moment moment NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 longer long ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 32 xcomp _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **brake** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **start** | present | | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 3 | **need** | present | a driver | | | | moment | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | | 4 | **see** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a driver *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **think** *speech: other* | infinitive | a driver *not said here* | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **press** | infinitive | a driver *not said here* | the pedal | | | | | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pedal=Theme | | 7 | **carry on** | present | the car | | | full speed | | meanwhile *property* | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **make** | present | a phone | | | | moment | long *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:036-speed-fast-and-slow.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Speed: fast and slow, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/36-speed-fast-and-slow/13/) - next →: [Speed: fast and slow, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/36-speed-fast-and-slow/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/36-speed-fast-and-slow/)