--- title: A fast train can need over a kilometre to stop, because it is very h… — Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe · tree and pragmatics description: A fast train can need over a kilometre to stop, because it is very heavy and steel wheels on steel rails have little grip; that is why level crossings have barriers. Who acts: fast train, train, wheels, that. A sentence of the lesson «Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe» of the physics course of Mo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/37-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/37-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe/) / 15 # Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe, sentence 15 A fast train can need over a kilometre to stop, because it is very heavy and steel wheels on steel rails have little grip; that is why level crossings have barriers. **Who acts:** fast train, train, wheels, that, level crossings · **What happens:** need, stop, be, have · **To what, where:** kilometre, little grip, barriers This is a sentence of the lesson «Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fast train, train, wheels, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:037-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe.lesson:15 # text = A fast train can need over a kilometre to stop, because it is very heavy and steel wheels on steel rails have little grip; that is why level crossings have barriers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 037-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 train train NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 need need VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 over over ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 kilometre kilometre NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:obl 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 stop stop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 advcl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 because because SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 15 very very ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 heavy heavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 advcl _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 steel steel ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ _ 19 wheels wheel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 20 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 steel steel NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 rails rail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 23 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 24 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 grip grip NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 5 punct _ _ 27 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 29 nsubj _ _ 28 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 29 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 32 advmod _ _ 30 level level NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 crossings crossing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 32 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 33 barriers barrier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **need** | can | a fast train | a kilometre | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot kilometre=Theme | | 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive | a fast train *not said here* | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 3 | **is** | present | train | | | | | heavy *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **be** | | train *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **have** | present | wheels on steel rails | little grip | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grip=Patient | | 6 | **is** | present | that | | | | | why *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **have** | present | level crossings | barriers | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent barrier=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:037-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Seat belts, crashes and keeping safe, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/37-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe/14/) - next →: [Rockets, record speeds and motion ever…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/38-rockets-record-speeds-and-motion-everywhere/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/37-seat-belts-crashes-and-keeping-safe/)