--- title: A push or a pull is called a force, and a force is what starts thing… — Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop · tree and pragmatics description: A push or a pull is called a force, and a force is what starts things moving, stops them, speeds them up or turns them. Who acts: force. A sentence of the lesson «Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Pushes and pulls: what makes things mo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/) / 0 # Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop, sentence 0 A push or a pull is called a force, and a force is what starts things moving, stops them, speeds them up or turns them. **Who acts:** force · **What happens:** call, be, start, move, stop, speed up · **To what, where:** push, things · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (force), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:004-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop.lesson:0 # text = A push or a pull is called a force, and a force is what starts things moving, stops them, speeds them up or turns them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 004-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 push push NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 pull pull NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 force force NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:obj 10 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 force force NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 16 nsubj _ _ 16 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 17 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 18 moving move VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 16 xcomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:acl 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 stops stop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 21 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 speeds speed VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ _ 25 up up ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 26 or or CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 28 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | present · passive | | a push or a pull | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 2 | **is a** | present | a force | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **start** | present | | things | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **move** | gerund | | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **stop** | present | | things *= thing* | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality they=Eventuality | | 6 | **speed up** | present | | things *= thing* | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Agent | | 7 | **turn** | present | | things *= thing* | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:004-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/17/) - next →: [Pushes and pulls: what makes things mo…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/)