--- title: Shine a torch straight down on the table and the spot is small and b… — Seasons and tides · tree and pragmatics description: Shine a torch straight down on the table and the spot is small and bright; tilt it and the spot spreads out bigger and dimmer, and that is why a low winter Sun warms so much less. Who acts: you, spot, that, winter Sun. A sentence of the lesson «Seasons and tides» of the physics course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/40-seasons-and-tides/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Seasons and tides](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/40-seasons-and-tides/) / 1 # Seasons and tides, sentence 1 Shine a torch straight down on the table and the spot is small and bright; tilt it and the spot spreads out bigger and dimmer, and that is why a low winter Sun warms so much less. **Who acts:** you, spot, that, winter Sun · **What happens:** shine, be, tilt, spread out, warm · **To what, where:** torch, table, spot This is a sentence of the lesson «Seasons and tides» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, spot, that, winter Sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:040-seasons-and-tides.lesson:1 # text = Shine a torch straight down on the table and the spot is small and bright; tilt it and the spot spreads out bigger and dimmer, and that is why a low winter Sun warms so much less. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 040-seasons-and-tides.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Shine shine VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 torch torch NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 straight straight ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 down down ADV RB _ 1 advmod _ _ 6 on on ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 table table NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 spot spot NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 13 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 1 conj _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 bright bright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 conj _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=1:punct 17 tilt tilt VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:nsubj 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 spot spot NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 spreads spread VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 23 out out ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 22 xcomp _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 dimmer dimmer ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 24 conj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 30 nsubj _ _ 30 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 parataxis _ _ 31 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 36 advmod _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=36:det 33 low low ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 34 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=35:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 35 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=36:compound 36 warms warm VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 ccomp _ _ 37 so so ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 much much ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 39 less less ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 36 advmod _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **shine** | imperative | you *not said here* | a torch | | the table | | down *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent torch=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present | the spot | | | | | small *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | the spot *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **tilt** | infinitive | you *not said here* | spot | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme | | 5 | **spread out** | present | the spot | | | | | big, out *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **be** | present | that | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **warm** | present | a winter Sun | | | | | less *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:040-seasons-and-tides.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Seasons and tides, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/40-seasons-and-tides/0/) - next →: [Seasons and tides, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/40-seasons-and-tides/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/40-seasons-and-tides/)