--- title: A horse pulls a cart because the ground pushes the horse forward har… — Pushes and pulls all around us · tree and pragmatics description: A horse pulls a cart because the ground pushes the horse forward harder than the cart holds it back, so on a slippery road it struggles. Who acts: horse, ground, cart. A sentence of the lesson «Pushes and pulls all around us» of the physics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Pushes and pulls all around us](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/) / 13 # Pushes and pulls all around us, sentence 13 A horse pulls a cart because the ground pushes the horse forward harder than the cart holds it back, so on a slippery road it struggles. **Who acts:** horse, ground, cart · **What happens:** pull, push, hold back, struggle · **To what, where:** cart, horse, slippery road This is a sentence of the lesson «Pushes and pulls all around us» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse, ground, cart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:005-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us.lesson:13 # text = A horse pulls a cart because the ground pushes the horse forward harder than the cart holds it back, so on a slippery road it struggles. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 005-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 pulls pull VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 cart cart NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 because because SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:det 8 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 pushes push VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 forward forward ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 13 harder hard ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 9 advmod _ _ 14 than than SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 cart cart NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 advcl _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ _ 19 back back ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 21 so so ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 22 on on ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 slippery slippery ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 road road NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 struggles struggle VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pull** | present | a horse | a cart | | | | | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme | | 2 | **push** | present | the ground | the horse | | | | forward, hard *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | | 3 | **hold back** | present | the cart | horse | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 4 | **struggle** | present | cart | | | a slippery road | | | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:005-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Pushes and pulls all around us, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/12/) - next →: [Pushes and pulls all around us, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/5-pushes-and-pulls-all-around-us/)