--- title: Sand and grit on icy paths give shoes and tyres something rough to g… — Friction: the grip that stops and helps · tree and pragmatics description: Sand and grit on icy paths give shoes and tyres something rough to grip, and salt melts the ice because salty water freezes at a lower temperature. Who acts: Sand, salt, salty water. A sentence of the lesson «Friction: the grip that stops and helps» of the physics course of Mova's primary school wit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/6-friction-the-grip/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Friction: the grip that stops and helps](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/6-friction-the-grip/) / 14 # Friction: the grip that stops and helps, sentence 14 Sand and grit on icy paths give shoes and tyres something rough to grip, and salt melts the ice because salty water freezes at a lower temperature. **Who acts:** Sand, salt, salty water · **What happens:** give, grip, melt, freeze · **To what, where:** shoes, ice, lower temperature This is a sentence of the lesson «Friction: the grip that stops and helps» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sand, salt, salty water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:006-friction-the-grip.lesson:14 # text = Sand and grit on icy paths give shoes and tyres something rough to grip, and salt melts the ice because salty water freezes at a lower temperature. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 006-friction-the-grip.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Sand sand NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 grit grit NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 4 on on ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 icy icy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 paths path NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 7 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 shoes shoe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 tyres tyre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 11 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 7 obj _ _ 12 rough rough ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 grip grip VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:acl 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 17 salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 melts melt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:conj 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 because because SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 22 salty salty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 24 freezes freeze VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 25 at at ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 lower low ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 28 amod _ _ 28 temperature temperature NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present | Sand on icy paths and grit | shoes and tyres | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Recipient something=Theme | | 2 | **grip** | to-infinitive | Sand on icy paths and grit *not said here* | | | | | | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **melt** | present | salt | the ice | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient ice=Result | | 4 | **freeze** | present | salty water | | | a lower temperature | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:006-friction-the-grip.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Friction: the grip that stops and helps, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/6-friction-the-grip/13/) - next →: [Friction: the grip that stops and helps, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/6-friction-the-grip/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/6-friction-the-grip/)