--- title: A ruler on a tilted desk starts to slide only when the slope is stee… — Living with friction: oil, wheels and grip · tree and pragmatics description: A ruler on a tilted desk starts to slide only when the slope is steep enough for gravity to beat friction, and a rubber eraser needs a much steeper slope. Who acts: ruler, slope, gravity, rubber eraser. A sentence of the lesson «Living with friction: oil, wheels and grip» of the physics course of Mo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/7-living-with-friction/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Physics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/) / [Living with friction: oil, wheels and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/7-living-with-friction/) / 16 # Living with friction: oil, wheels and grip, sentence 16 A ruler on a tilted desk starts to slide only when the slope is steep enough for gravity to beat friction, and a rubber eraser needs a much steeper slope. **Who acts:** ruler, slope, gravity, rubber eraser · **What happens:** tilt, start, slide, be, beat, need · **To what, where:** friction, steeper slope This is a sentence of the lesson «Living with friction: oil, wheels and grip» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ruler, slope, gravity, rubber eraser), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:physics:007-living-with-friction.lesson:16 # text = A ruler on a tilted desk starts to slide only when the slope is steep enough for gravity to beat friction, and a rubber eraser needs a much steeper slope. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = physics # lesson = 007-living-with-friction.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 ruler ruler NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 3 on on ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 tilted tilt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 amod _ _ 6 desk desk NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 7 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 slide slide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ _ 10 only only ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 11 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 15 advmod _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 slope slope NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 steep steep ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 advcl _ _ 16 enough enough ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 17 for for SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 18 gravity gravity NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 beat beat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 advcl _ _ 21 friction friction NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 rubber rubber NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 eraser eraser NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 27 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 29 much much ADV RB Degree=Pos 30 advmod _ _ 30 steeper steep ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 31 amod _ _ 31 slope slope NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tilt** | participle | | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **start** | present | a ruler on a tilted desk | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 3 | **slide** | to-infinitive | a ruler on a tilted desk *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **is** | present | the slope | | | | | enough, steep *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **beat** | to-infinitive | gravity | friction | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location friction=Theme | | 6 | **need** | present | a rubber eraser | a steeper slope | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot slope=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:physics:007-living-with-friction.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Living with friction: oil, wheels and…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/7-living-with-friction/15/) - next →: [Living with friction: oil, wheels and…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/7-living-with-friction/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/physics/7-living-with-friction/)