--- title: A spokesperson speaks officially for a group; an anonymous source gi… — The news: who makes it and how · tree and pragmatics description: A spokesperson speaks officially for a group; an anonymous source gives information but does not want their name used, so reporters should check what they say carefully. Who acts: spokesperson, anonymous source, name, reporters. A sentence of the lesson «The news: who makes it and how» of the politi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [The news: who makes it and how](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/) / 14 # The news: who makes it and how, sentence 14 A spokesperson speaks officially for a group; an anonymous source gives information but does not want their name used, so reporters should check what they say carefully. **Who acts:** spokesperson, anonymous source, name, reporters · **What happens:** speak, give, not want, use, check, say · **To what, where:** information, name · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The news: who makes it and how» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spokesperson, anonymous source, name, reporters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:14 # text = A spokesperson speaks officially for a group; an anonymous source gives information but does not want their name used, so reporters should check what they say carefully. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 spokesperson spokesperson NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 speaks speak VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 officially officially ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 group group NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 anonymous anonymous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 source source NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 13 information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 14 but but CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 15 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 16 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 17 advmod _ _ 17 want want VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 18 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 xcomp _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 so so ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 23 reporters reporter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 24 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 check check VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 26 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 28 obj _ _ 27 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 ccomp _ _ 29 carefully carefully ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | a spokesperson | | | | | for a group; officially *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **give** | present | a anonymous source | information | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent information=Theme | | 3 | **not** **want** | present · do-support | a anonymous source *not said here* | spokesperson's name | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **use** *not said to happen* | participle | spokesperson's name *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **check** | should | reporters | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | reporters *= reporter* | | | | | carefully *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic | | 7 | **name** | | spokesperson | | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The news: who makes it and how, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/13/) - next →: [The news: who makes it and how, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/)