--- title: People argue about anonymous sources: some say they help reveal trut… — The news: who makes it and how · tree and pragmatics description: People argue about anonymous sources: some say they help reveal truths people are scared to share, others say we cannot judge information if we do not know who said it. Who acts: People, some, others, we. A sentence of the lesson «The news: who makes it and how» of the politics course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [The news: who makes it and how](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/) / 16 # The news: who makes it and how, sentence 16 People argue about anonymous sources: some say they help reveal truths people are scared to share, others say we cannot judge information if we do not know who said it. **Who acts:** People, some, others, we · **What happens:** argue, say, help, reveal, be, share · **To what, where:** truths, information, source · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The news: who makes it and how» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, some, others, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:16 # text = People argue about anonymous sources: some say they help reveal truths people are scared to share, others say we cannot judge information if we do not know who said it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 argue argue VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 about about ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 anonymous anonymous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 sources source NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 7 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 8 nsubj _ _ 8 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 ccomp _ _ 11 reveal reveal VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 xcomp _ _ 12 truths truth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 13 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 14 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 15 scared scared ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 acl:relcl _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 share share VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 xcomp _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ _ 21 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 22 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 23 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 24 advmod _ _ 24 judge judge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 ccomp _ _ 25 information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 26 if if SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 27 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 28 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 29 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 30 advmod _ _ 30 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 advcl _ _ 31 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 32 nsubj _ _ 32 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 ccomp _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | People | | | | | about anonymous sources | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent about source=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **help** | present | people | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **reveal** | infinitive | people *not said here* | truths | | | | | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truth=Topic | | 5 | **is** | present | people | truths *not said here* | | | | scared *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **share** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | others | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **not** **judge** | can | we | information | | | | | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent information=Value | | 9 | **not** **know** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · do-support | we | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 10 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | | source | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The news: who makes it and how, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/15/) - next →: [Debates and rows on chat shows, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/11-debates-and-rows-on-chat-shows/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/)