--- title: A news report tries to say what happened; an opinion says what someo… — The news: who makes it and how · tree and pragmatics description: A news report tries to say what happened; an opinion says what someone thinks about it; both can be on the same channel, so ask yourself which one you are hearing. Who acts: news report, opinion, someone, both. A sentence of the lesson «The news: who makes it and how» of the politics course of Mova' --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [The news: who makes it and how](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/) / 2 # The news: who makes it and how, sentence 2 A news report tries to say what happened; an opinion says what someone thinks about it; both can be on the same channel, so ask yourself which one you are hearing. **Who acts:** news report, opinion, someone, both, you · **What happens:** try, say, happen, think, be, ask · **To what, where:** same channel, yourself, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The news: who makes it and how» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (news report, opinion, someone, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:2 # text = A news report tries to say what happened; an opinion says what someone thinks about it; both can be on the same channel, so ask yourself which one you are hearing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 2 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:compound 3 report report NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:compound 4 tries try VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp _ _ 7 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 8 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:obj 8 happened happen VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 ccomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:acl:relcl 9 ; ; PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 opinion opinion NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 13 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 15 obj _ _ 14 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 15 nsubj _ _ 15 thinks think VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 ccomp _ _ 16 about about ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 19 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 25 nsubj _ _ 20 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 21 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 25 cop _ _ 22 on on ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 channel channel NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 so so ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 ask ask VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 29 yourself yourself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 28 obj _ _ 30 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 31 det _ _ 31 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:obj 32 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 hearing hear VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 28 ccomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:acl:relcl 35 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=28:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **try** | present | a news report | | | | | | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a news report *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **happen** | past | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a opinion | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **think** *speech: other* | present | someone | | | | | about opinion | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme | | 6 | **is** | can | both | | | the same channel | | | tree rules | | 7 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | | yourself | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent yourself=Recipient clause=Topic | | 8 | **hear** | present · progressive | you | which one | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×6, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The news: who makes it and how, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/1/) - next →: [The news: who makes it and how, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/)