--- title: First reports, especially "breaking news", are often unclear or wron… — The news: who makes it and how · tree and pragmatics description: First reports, especially "breaking news", are often unclear or wrong, and headlines are short and made to grab you, so read past the headline, check more than one source, and notice who is speaking: a named spokesperson or an unnamed "source close to the team". Who acts: First reports, headlines. 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The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (First reports, headlines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:3 # text = First reports, especially "breaking news", are often unclear or wrong, and headlines are short and made to grab you, so read past the headline, check more than one source, and notice who is speaking: a named spokesperson or an unnamed "source close to the team". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 First first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 2 amod _ _ 2 reports report NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 4 especially especially ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 5 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 6 breaking break VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 amod _ _ 7 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 10 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 11 often often ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 unclear unclear ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 13 or or CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 17 headlines headline NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 18 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 19 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 conj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 grab grab VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:xcomp 24 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 read read VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 advcl _ _ 28 past past ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 headline headline NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 check check VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:parataxis 33 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV 35 advmod _ _ 34 than than ADP IN _ 33 fixed _ _ 35 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 36 nummod _ _ 36 source source NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 notice notice VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 32 conj _ _ 40 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 42 nsubj _ _ 41 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 42 speaking speak VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 39 ccomp _ _ 43 : : PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 44 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 45 named name VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 46 amod _ _ 46 spokesperson spokesperson NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 parataxis _ _ 47 or or CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 48 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 49 unnamed unnamed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 amod _ _ 50 " " PUNCT `` _ 51 punct _ _ 51 source source NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 conj _ _ 52 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 amod _ _ 53 to to ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 55 team team NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 obl _ _ 56 " " PUNCT '' _ 46 punct _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **break** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **is** | present | First reports breaking news | | | | | often, unclear *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | First reports breaking news *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **is** | present | headlines | | | | | short *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **make** | participle | headlines *not said here* | | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 6 | **grab** | to-infinitive | headlines *not said here* | you | | | | | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme | | 7 | **read** | infinitive | headlines *not said here* | | | | | past the headline | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **check** | infinitive | headlines *not said here* | one source | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent source=Theme | | 9 | **notice** | infinitive | headlines *not said here* | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 10 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · progressive | | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **name** | participle | | | | | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:010-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The news: who makes it and how, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/2/) - next →: [The news: who makes it and how, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/10-the-news-who-makes-it-and-how/)