---
title: It was reported that recounts, audits (careful checks) and dozens of… — US elections and the president, as reported · tree and pragmatics
description: It was reported that recounts, audits (careful checks) and dozens of court cases did not find fraud, meaning cheating, big enough to change the 2020 result, and Congress certified it, which means officially confirmed it; some people say they still have doubts and want stricter rules such as more ID 
---

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# US elections and the president, as reported, sentence 14

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It was reported that recounts, audits (careful checks) and dozens of court cases did not find fraud, meaning cheating, big enough to change the 2020 result, and Congress certified it, which means officially confirmed it; some people say they still have doubts and want stricter rules such as more ID checks.

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**Who acts:** recounts, Congress, people · **What happens:** report, not find, mean, change, certify, confirm · **To what, where:** cheating, fraud, 2020 result, doubts, stricter rules · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «US elections and the president, as reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (recounts, Congress, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:politics:016-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported.lesson:14
# text = It was reported that recounts, audits (careful checks) and dozens of court cases did not find fraud, meaning cheating, big enough to change the 2020 result, and Congress certified it, which means officially confirmed it; some people say they still have doubts and want stricter rules such as more ID checks.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = politics
# lesson = 016-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
5	recounts	recount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	audits	audit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
9	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	checks	check	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	appos	_	_
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	dozens	dozen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
20	fraud	fraud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	parataxis	_	_
23	cheating	cheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:acl
26	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	advcl	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	2020	2020	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	nummod	_	_
31	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	Congress	Congress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
35	certified	certify	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
36	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	obj	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
38	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=41:nsubj
39	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	acl:relcl	_	_
40	officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	confirmed	confirm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	39	xcomp	_	_
42	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	obj	_	_
43	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	46	punct	_	_
44	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	45	det	_	_
45	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nsubj	_	_
46	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
47	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	49	nsubj	_	_
48	still	still	ADV	RB	_	49	advmod	_	_
49	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	46	ccomp	_	_
50	doubts	doubt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	obj	_	_
51	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
52	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	49	conj	_	_
53	stricter	strict	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	54	amod	_	_
54	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	obj	_	_
55	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	59	case	_	_
56	as	as	ADP	IN	_	55	fixed	_	_
57	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	59	amod	_	_
58	ID	id	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	compound	_	_
59	checks	check	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	nmod	_	_
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **report** | past · passive |  | cheating |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **not** **find** | past · do-support | recounts and audits and dozens of court cases | fraud |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fraud=Topic |
| 3 | **mean** | gerund |  | cheating |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheat=Topic |
| 4 | **change** | to-infinitive |  | the 2020 result |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent result=Patient |
| 5 | **certify** | past | Congress | cheating |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 6 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **confirm** *not said to happen* | participle |  | cheating |  |  |  | officially *property* | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Topic |
| 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some people |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 9 | **have** | present | people | doubts |  |  | still |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doubt=Patient |
| 10 | **want** | present | people *not said here* | stricter rules |  |  |  | such more ID checks | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot rule=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:016-us-elections-and-the-president-as-reported.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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