--- title: Many countries invite workers they need, like doctors, nurses and bu… — Immigration and borders · tree and pragmatics description: Many countries invite workers they need, like doctors, nurses and builders; some say numbers have been too high for housing and services, others say countries need these workers. Who acts: Many countries, People, some, numbers. A sentence of the lesson «Immigration and borders» of the politics cours --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Immigration and borders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/) / 10 # Immigration and borders, sentence 10 Many countries invite workers they need, like doctors, nurses and builders; some say numbers have been too high for housing and services, others say countries need these workers. **Who acts:** Many countries, People, some, numbers, others, countries · **What happens:** invite, need, say, be · **To what, where:** workers · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Immigration and borders» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many countries, People, some, numbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:019-immigration-and-borders.lesson:10 # text = Many countries invite workers they need, like doctors, nurses and builders; some say numbers have been too high for housing and services, others say countries need these workers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 019-immigration-and-borders.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 invite invite VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 workers worker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 need need VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 like like ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 doctors doctor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:obl 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 nurses nurse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:appos 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 builders builder NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 16 nsubj _ _ 16 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 17 numbers number NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 18 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 19 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 21 cop _ _ 20 too too ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 ccomp _ _ 22 for for ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 housing housing NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 services service NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 28 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 29 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 30 need need VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 ccomp _ _ 31 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 32 det _ _ 32 workers worker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **invite** | present | Many countries | workers | | | | like doctors and nurses and builders | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worker=Recipient | | 2 | **need** | present | People | workers *not said here* | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot worker=Theme | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | present · perfect | numbers | | | | | for housing and services; high *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | others | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **need** | present | countries | this workers | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot worker=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:019-immigration-and-borders.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Immigration and borders, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/9/) - next →: [Immigration and borders, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/19-immigration-and-borders/)