--- title: An election is how a whole country, town or school chooses who will… — Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winn… · tree and pragmatics description: An election is how a whole country, town or school chooses who will be in charge: everyone allowed to vote gets one say, and the votes are counted to find the winner. Who acts: election, everyone. A sentence of the lesson «Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning» of the politics course o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/2-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Elections and voting: ballots, countin…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/2-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning/) / 0 # Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning, sentence 0 An election is how a whole country, town or school chooses who will be in charge: everyone allowed to vote gets one say, and the votes are counted to find the winner. **Who acts:** election, everyone · **What happens:** be, allow, vote, get, count, find · **To what, where:** charge, one say, votes, winner This is a sentence of the lesson «Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (election, everyone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:002-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning.lesson:0 # text = An election is how a whole country, town or school chooses who will be in charge: everyone allowed to vote gets one say, and the votes are counted to find the winner. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 002-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1 1 An a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 election election NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 4 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 12 advmod _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 town town NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 10 or or CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 school school NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=9:conj 12 chooses choose VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 17 nsubj _ _ 14 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 15 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 17 cop _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 charge charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 ccomp _ _ 18 : : PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 19 everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 23 nsubj _ _ 20 allowed allow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 acl:relcl _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 vote vote VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 xcomp _ _ 23 gets get VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 24 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 25 nummod _ _ 25 say say NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 votes vote NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj:pass _ _ 30 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 31 counted count VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 conj _ _ 32 to to PART TO _ 33 mark _ _ 33 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 advcl _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 winner winner NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | a election | | | | | choose *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | future | | | | charge | | | tree rules | | 3 | **allow** | participle | | | | | | | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer clause=Eventuality | | 4 | **vote** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **get** | present | everyone | one say | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer say=Stimulus | | 6 | **count** | present · passive | | the votes | | | | | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 7 | **find** | to-infinitive | | the winner | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent winner=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:002-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [What politics is: deciding things toge…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/1-what-politics-is-deciding-things-together/17/) - next →: [Elections and voting: ballots, countin…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/2-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/2-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning/)