--- title: Electric cars run on batteries and give off no exhaust gases on the… — Climate: hot summers and hot arguments · tree and pragmatics description: Electric cars run on batteries and give off no exhaust gases on the road, but they can cost more to buy, and charging can be hard on long trips or when towing. Who acts: Electric cars, cars, charging. A sentence of the lesson «Climate: hot summers and hot arguments» of the politics course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Climate: hot summers and hot arguments](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments/) / 13 # Climate: hot summers and hot arguments, sentence 13 Electric cars run on batteries and give off no exhaust gases on the road, but they can cost more to buy, and charging can be hard on long trips or when towing. **Who acts:** Electric cars, cars, charging · **What happens:** run, give off, cost, buy, be, tow · **To what, where:** batteries, exhaust gases, road, more, long trips This is a sentence of the lesson «Climate: hot summers and hot arguments» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Electric cars, cars, charging), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:021-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments.lesson:13 # text = Electric cars run on batteries and give off no exhaust gases on the road, but they can cost more to buy, and charging can be hard on long trips or when towing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 021-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3 1 Electric electric ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 cars car NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 run run VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 on on ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 batteries battery NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 8 off off ADP RP _ 7 compound:prt _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:compound:prt|HaikuPos=PART:RP:_ 9 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 11 det _ _ 10 exhaust exhaust NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 gases gas NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ _ 12 on on ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 road road NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:nmod 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 but but CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 18 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 cost cost VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:parataxis 20 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 19 obj _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 buy buy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 advcl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 charging charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=28:nsubj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger 26 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 27 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 28 cop _ _ 28 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 29 on on ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 trips trip NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 32 or or CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 34 advmod _ _ 34 towing tow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 31 conj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **run** | present | Electric cars | | | batteries | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on battery=Trajectory | | 2 | **give off** | present | Electric cars *not said here* | no exhaust gases | | the road | | | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme | | 3 | **cost** | can | cars *= car* | more | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme more=Value | | 4 | **buy** | to-infinitive | cars *= car* *not said here* | | | | | | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | can | charging | | | long trips | | hard *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **tow** | gerund | charging *not said here* | | | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:021-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Climate: hot summers and hot arguments, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments/12/) - next →: [Climate: hot summers and hot arguments, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/21-climate-hot-summers-and-hot-arguments/)