--- title: NATO members promise that an attack on one counts as an attack on al… — Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; t… · tree and pragmatics description: NATO members promise that an attack on one counts as an attack on all; Finland joined in 2023 and Sweden in 2024, news reports said. Who acts: NATO members, attack, Finland, news reports. A sentence of the lesson «Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO» of the politics course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Why wars happen and why they are hard…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/) / 18 # Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO, sentence 18 NATO members promise that an attack on one counts as an attack on all; Finland joined in 2023 and Sweden in 2024, news reports said. **Who acts:** NATO members, attack, Finland, news reports · **What happens:** promise, count, join, say · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (NATO members, attack, Finland, news reports), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:023-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato.lesson:18 # text = NATO members promise that an attack on one counts as an attack on all; Finland joined in 2023 and Sweden in 2024, news reports said. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 023-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 NATO NATO PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 members member NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 promise promise VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 5 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 attack attack NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nmod _ _ 9 counts count VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 10 as as ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 attack attack NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 13 on on ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 12 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=12:nmod|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Tot 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 Finland Finland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 17 joined join VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 2023 2023 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 obl _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 Sweden Sweden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 2024 2024 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 25 news news NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 reports report NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 27 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=3:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present | NATO members | | | | | | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **count** | present | a attack on one | | | | | as a attack on all | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as attack=Attribute | | 3 | **join** | past | Finland | | | | | in 2024; in 2023 and Sweden | vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in 2023=Theme | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | news reports | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:023-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why wars happen and why they are hard…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/17/) - next →: [Why wars happen and why they are hard…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/)