--- title: Russia's government says NATO growing towards its borders threatens… — Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; t… · tree and pragmatics description: Russia's government says NATO growing towards its borders threatens Russia; NATO members say countries choose freely to join and NATO is only for defence. Who acts: government, NATO, NATO members, countries. A sentence of the lesson «Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Why wars happen and why they are hard…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/) / 19 # Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO, sentence 19 Russia's government says NATO growing towards its borders threatens Russia; NATO members say countries choose freely to join and NATO is only for defence. **Who acts:** government, NATO, NATO members, countries · **What happens:** say, grow, threaten, choose, join, be · **To what, where:** Russia · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (government, NATO, NATO members, countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:023-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato.lesson:19 # text = Russia's government says NATO growing towards its borders threatens Russia; NATO members say countries choose freely to join and NATO is only for defence. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 023-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 government government NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 NATO NATO PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nsubj 6 growing grow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:csubj 7 towards towards ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 borders border NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 10 threatens threaten VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 11 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 NATO NATO PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 members member NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 16 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 choose choose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 ccomp _ _ 18 freely freely ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 join join VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 xcomp _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 22 NATO NATO PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 23 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 24 only only ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 25 for for ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 defence defence NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Russia's government | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **grow** | gerund | NATO *not said here* | | | | | towards government's borders | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **threaten** | present | NATO | Russia | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus russia=Experiencer | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | NATO members | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **choose** | present | countries | | | | | freely *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **join** | to-infinitive | countries *not said here* | | | | | | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **is** | present | NATO | | | | | for defence | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:023-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato.lesson:19`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why wars happen and why they are hard…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/18/) - next →: [Why wars happen and why they are hard…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/20/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/23-why-wars-happen-the-un-and-nato/)