---
title: A 1951 agreement says countries must not send refugees back to danger. — Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps… · tree and pragmatics
description: A 1951 agreement says countries must not send refugees back to danger. Who acts: 1951 agreement, countries. A sentence of the lesson «Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes» of the politics course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A 1951 agreement says countries must not send refugees back to danger.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** 1951 agreement, countries · **What happens:** say, not send back · **To what, where:** refugees, danger · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Refugees, aid and sanctions: how the world helps and pushes» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (1951 agreement, countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:politics:030-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes.lesson:1
# text = A 1951 agreement says countries must not send refugees back to danger.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = politics
# lesson = 030-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	1951	1951	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	agreement	agreement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
9	refugees	refugee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	back	back	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a 1951 agreement |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **send back** | must | countries | refugees |  | danger |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent refugee=Theme to danger=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:030-refugees-aid-and-sanctions-how-the-world-helps-and-pushes.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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