--- title: Astroturfing means making a fake crowd look like real support; many… — Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections · tree and pragmatics description: Astroturfing means making a fake crowd look like real support; many accounts made last week that follow nobody are a warning sign. Who acts: Astroturfing, fake crowd, many accounts. A sentence of the lesson «Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections» of the politics course of Mova's primary schoo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in ele…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/) / 14 # Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections, sentence 14 Astroturfing means making a fake crowd look like real support; many accounts made last week that follow nobody are a warning sign. **Who acts:** Astroturfing, fake crowd, many accounts · **What happens:** mean, make, look, follow, be · **To what, where:** nobody, warning sign · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Astroturfing, fake crowd, many accounts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:032-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes.lesson:14 # text = Astroturfing means making a fake crowd look like real support; many accounts made last week that follow nobody are a warning sign. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 032-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Astroturfing Astroturfing NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 2 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 making make VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 ccomp _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 fake fake ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 crowd crowd NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 7 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 8 like like ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 support support NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 12 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 accounts account NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 15 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 week week NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl:unmarked _ _ 17 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 18 follow follow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 acl:relcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=13:acl:relcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBZ:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 18 obj _ _ 20 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 sign sign NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Astroturfing | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **make** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **look** | infinitive | a fake crowd | | | | | like real support | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **make** | past | many accounts | | | | week | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 5 | **follow** | present | many accounts | nobody | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nobody=Theme | | 6 | **is a** | present | | a warning sign | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:032-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in ele…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/13/) - next →: [Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in ele…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/)