--- title: A deepfake is a picture, video or voice made with AI to look like a… — Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections · tree and pragmatics description: A deepfake is a picture, video or voice made with AI to look like a real person doing or saying something they never did; extra fingers or a mouth that does not match the words can give it away, but the fakes keep getting better. Who acts: deepfake, real person, video, mouth. A sentence of the lesso --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in ele…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/) / 2 # Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections, sentence 2 A deepfake is a picture, video or voice made with AI to look like a real person doing or saying something they never did; extra fingers or a mouth that does not match the words can give it away, but the fakes keep getting better. **Who acts:** deepfake, real person, video, mouth, extra fingers, fakes · **What happens:** be, make, look, do, say, not do · **To what, where:** picture, something, words, person · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in elections» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (deepfake, real person, video, mouth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:032-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes.lesson:2 # text = A deepfake is a picture, video or voice made with AI to look like a real person doing or saying something they never did; extra fingers or a mouth that does not match the words can give it away, but the fakes keep getting better. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 032-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 deepfake deepfake NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 picture picture NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 video video NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 8 or or CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 10 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:acl 11 with with ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 AI ai NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 15 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 19 doing do VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 18 acl _ _ 20 or or CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 saying say VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 conj _ _ 22 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 21 obj _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 24 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 25 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 27 extra extra ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 fingers finger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nsubj _ _ 29 or or CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 32 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 nsubj _ _ 33 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 35 advmod _ _ 35 match match VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 acl:relcl _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 obj _ _ 38 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ _ 40 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=39:iobj 41 away away ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 43 but but CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 fakes fake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 nsubj _ _ 46 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 conj _ _ 47 getting get VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 46 xcomp _ _ 48 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 47 xcomp _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a deepfake | a picture and video or voice | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **make** | participle | | a picture and video or voice *not said here* | | | | with AI | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 3 | **look** | to-infinitive | | | | | | like a real person | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **do** | gerund | a real person *not said here* | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | a real person *not said here* | something | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent something=Topic | | 6 | **not** **do** | past | video | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **not** **match** | present · do-support | a mouth | the words | | | | | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | | 8 | **give away** | can | extra fingers or a mouth | person | | | | away *property* | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 9 | **keep** | present | the fakes | | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **get** | gerund | the fakes *not said here* | | | | | good *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:032-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in ele…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/1/) - next →: [Bots, troll farms and deepfakes in ele…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/32-bots-troll-farms-and-deepfakes/)