--- title: A law starts as a bill, a plan for a law, and it must pass a series… — Congress and Parliament: how a law is made · tree and pragmatics description: A law starts as a bill, a plan for a law, and it must pass a series of tests before everyone has to obey it: it is read out, argued over, checked line by line by a small group called a committee, changed, and voted on. Who acts: law, everyone, small group. A sentence of the lesson «Congress and Parl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Politics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/) / [Congress and Parliament: how a law is…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made/) / 0 # Congress and Parliament: how a law is made, sentence 0 A law starts as a bill, a plan for a law, and it must pass a series of tests before everyone has to obey it: it is read out, argued over, checked line by line by a small group called a committee, changed, and voted on. **Who acts:** law, everyone, small group · **What happens:** start, pass, have, obey, read out, argue over · **To what, where:** series, law, line, committee · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Congress and Parliament: how a law is made» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (law, everyone, small group), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:politics:006-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made.lesson:0 # text = A law starts as a bill, a plan for a law, and it must pass a series of tests before everyone has to obey it: it is read out, argued over, checked line by line by a small group called a committee, changed, and voted on. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = politics # lesson = 006-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 as as ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 bill bill NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 plan plan NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ _ 10 for for ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 16 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:parataxis 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 series series NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 tests test NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 22 before before SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 23 everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 24 nsubj _ _ 24 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 obey obey VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 xcomp _ _ 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 : : PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 31 read read VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 conj _ _ 32 out out ADP RP _ 31 compound:prt _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 argued argue VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 conj _ _ 35 over over ADP RP _ 34 compound:prt _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 checked check VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 conj _ _ 38 line line NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 39 by by ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 line line NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 41 by by ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 42 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 43 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 group group NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl:agent _ _ 45 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 44 acl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=44:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 committee committee NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 obj _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 49 changed change VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=31:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 50 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 52 cc _ _ 52 voted vote VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 49 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=49:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 on on ADP RP _ 52 compound:prt _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | present | a law | | | | | as a bill | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **pass** | must | law | a series of tests | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme series=Trajectory | | 3 | **have** | present | everyone | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **obey** | to-infinitive | everyone *not said here* | series | | | | | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 5 | **read out** | present · passive | | law | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | | 6 | **argue over** *speech: disagree* | participle | | | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **check** | participle | | line by line | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **call** | participle | a small group *not said here* | a committee | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent committee=Recipient | | 9 | **change** | participle | | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **vote on** | participle | | | | | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:politics:006-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [President and Prime Minister, White Ho…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/5-president-and-prime-minister-white-house-and-downing-street/17/) - next →: [Congress and Parliament: how a law is…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/politics/6-congress-and-parliament-how-a-law-is-made/)